As our beloved pets age, their dietary and health needs change, much like ours. Understanding these changes is crucial in ensuring they live their senior years comfortably and happily. Both cats and dogs face similar challenges as they age, although some conditions may be species-specific. You can help your pets live their twilight years peacefully by seeking regular veterinary care.

Signs of aging in pets

Pets are, on average, considered senior, around seven to eight years old, although this can vary depending on breed and species. Larger dogs tend to age faster than smaller ones. Changes in behaviour, weight, and energy levels are among the first signs that your pet may be entering their senior years.

Regular check-ups with your vet are essential as pets tend to hide illness until it becomes more advanced. Ideally, senior pets should have six monthly vet checks to stay on top of any possible health issues.

Weight changes as pets age

As pets age, they become less active, which can lead to weight gain if their diet isn’t adjusted accordingly. Older pets require food that is easier to digest but still provides essential nutrients. Obesity is a serious concern that can lead to conditions like arthritis, diabetes, respiratory issues, and urinary tract diseases.

Weight loss in older pets can be a sign of underlying health problems, such as thyroid disease or dental issues. It’s important to monitor your pet’s weight regularly.

If you have any concerns about your pet’s weight, our friendly team can provide you with advice and check for any underlying issues.

Arthritis in senior pets

Arthritis is a common disease in older pets. It causes joint stiffness, pain, and difficulty moving. This degenerative condition affects the joints’ cartilage, causing inflammation and discomfort.

While there is no cure for arthritis, proper management can slow its progression.

Signs of arthritis in pets:

• Stiffness when getting up
• Reluctance to jump or climb stairs
• Lameness or limping
• Reduced activity or playfulness
• Changes in grooming habits (especially in cats)

You can learn more about arthritis in pets here.

Dental health for senior pets

Many pets, particularly those over four years old, suffer from dental disease. Gingivitis, the inflammation of the gums, is caused by plaque build-up and can lead to more severe issues like tooth loss and infections. In addition to causing pain and bad breath, untreated dental disease can affect your pet’s ability to eat and may lead to systemic health problems.

Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are important. Our team can also advise you on special diets or dental treats to help maintain your pet’s oral hygiene.

Signs of dental disease:

• Avoiding eating harder foods and choosing to eat wet food only
• Only eating from one side of their mouth
• Difficulty chewing and eating more messily than usual
• Cry or yelping when eating
• Weight loss
• Avoiding drinking
• Excess drooling

You can learn more about maintaining your pet’s dental hygiene here.

Kidney disease

Kidney disease is especially common in older cats and, although uncommon, can also affect dogs. This condition occurs when the kidneys can no longer filter toxins effectively, leading to waste build-up in the bloodstream. While kidney disease cannot be cured, early detection allows for management through diet, medications, and increased hydration.

Signs of kidney disease:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Weight loss
• Loss of appetite
• Vomiting
• Lethargy
• Poor coat quality (especially in cats)

If you notice any of these symptoms, seeking veterinary care immediately is essential. Early diagnosis can improve your pet’s quality of life and slow the disease’s progression.

Tumours, lumps, and bumps

As pets age, they are more likely to develop lumps and bumps, some of which may be benign, while others can be more serious. Lipomas (fatty tumours) are common and usually harmless, though they may need removal if they interfere with movement. More aggressive tumours can require surgery and further treatment.

Always consult your vet if you notice any new lumps or changes in existing ones.

Vision and hearing loss

Vision and hearing loss are natural parts of aging in cats and dogs, though dogs tend to rely less on their vision than humans. Cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration are common causes of vision impairment. Pets with diminished vision may bump into furniture, become more anxious, or appear “clingy” as they navigate their environment with more caution.

Hearing loss in older pets can be related to age-related degeneration or ear infections. Signs include a lack of response to sound, confusion when given vocal commands, or excessive barking. While age-related hearing loss may not be reversible, infections or other underlying causes can often be treated. Keeping a close eye on your pet’s behaviour is vital to catching these issues early.

Signs of vision loss:

• Bumping into walls or furniture
• Reluctance to jump or climb stairs
• Anxiety or increased clinginess

Signs of hearing loss:

• Lack of response to sound
• Confusion when given commands
• Excessive or unusual barking

Hormonal disorders: Feline hyperthyroidism

Feline hyperthyroidism is a common hormonal disorder in older cats, caused by the overproduction of thyroid hormone, usually due to a benign tumour. The condition can result in weight loss, increased appetite, and restlessness. While dogs can suffer from thyroid issues, hyperthyroidism is more prevalent in cats.

Signs of hyperthyroidism in cats:

• Weight loss despite increased appetite
• Hyperactivity or anxiety
• Vomiting or diarrhea
• Rapid heartbeat
• Increased thirst and urination

Diagnosis for hyperthyroidism is made with a blood test. If your cat is showing symptoms, we can assist you in receiving a diagnosis and treatment.

While it can be sad to see our pets age, proper care can help our animals live long and healthy lives in their golden years.

Our friendly team is here to support you and your pet through this journey. Maintaining good health and being proactive with veterinary care is crucial for your pets. To book a senior check-up, please call us at 03 9328 3021 or book online via our website.